In every society, certain systems or parts work together to keep life running smoothly. These are called social institutions. In Pakistan, the most important institutions are family, religion, economy, politics, education, and recreation.
Family System in Pakistan
The family is the first social institution a person belongs to. It teaches values, traditions, respect, and manners.
Types of Families in Pakistan
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Joint Family System
This is very common in both rural and urban areas of Pakistan. In this system, grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins all live together in one house. The oldest male member is usually the head of the family.Example:
In a typical home in Multan, the grandfather may make decisions about education, marriage, or money. Younger family members follow his guidance. Meals are cooked and shared together. This type of system helps in saving money and creates strong family bonds. -
Nuclear Family System
In big cities like Lahore or Islamabad, many people now live in nuclear families. This means just the parents and children live together. This often happens because of jobs, education, or personal space.Example:
A schoolteacher couple in Islamabad might choose to live in a small apartment with just their children, while their parents stay in their hometown. - Extended Family
Includes grandparents, cousins, uncles, and aunts, but they do not live under the same roof—they stay nearby or in the same area.Example: A family in Lahore where cousins live in separate houses on the same street but meet daily for meals or events. - Polygynous Family
A man has more than one wife, and they may live in the same or different homes.Example: In some rural areas, such as interior Sindh, a man may have two families in nearby villages. - Single-Parent Family
Only one parent (mother or father) raises the children due to death, divorce, or separation.Example: A working mother in Islamabad raising her two children after divorce. - Childless Family
A couple lives without children, either by choice or due to medical reasons.Example: A couple in Karachi who focus on their careers and support nephews and nieces.
Roles in the Family
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Father: Usually the breadwinner (main earner). He takes care of the financial needs of the family.
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Mother: Often stays at home, managing household duties, but today many mothers also work outside.
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Children: Expected to obey parents, study hard, and help in family matters.
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